Medical rehabilitation is of great importance in the treatment of many spreading diseases in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, because of that conducting scientific research in this field is a national duty on all specialists in this field that is to increase the efficiency of the medical rehabilitation services which is given to all people in the different health services sectors and to establish an evidence based care practice. Saudi Arabia is no different than other parts of the world in which the vast health care advancements have came through and by that increasing the average life span, as a result increased percentage of some diseases linked with aging like back pain, arthritis, heart diseases and cerebral vascular accidents which require the services of medical rehabilitation. Also changes in the life style in Saudi Arabia as a result of civilization and availability of modern technology and welfare was another factor in increasing the prevalence of these diseases which effect negatively on the productivity of the subjects affected, also diminishing the role which is played by them in the national development, draining the resources of the health sector and they cause a challenge among specialists who have the responsibility and commitment in providing evidence based care. In addition to this medical rehabilitation with its different specialties is a great field for scientific research which aims to rehabilitate patients and make them effective members in achieving the comprehensive national renaissance.

Patient rehabilitation primarily aims in helping the patients restore or improve their functional abilities which was affected as a result of an injury, diseases or an infection to any of the body systems, like the muscular, nervous, respiratory, circulatory, or the skeletal systems, and which may lead to loss or distortion in some functional abilities in all or some of the daily living activities. Rehabilitation for these individuals require a complete interdisciplinary team consisting of consultants and specialists in all the different rehabilitation specialties who play the most important role in rehabilitating these individuals, a specialist can only become an important member of this team if he has a full understanding of the normal function of the body and the proper way of treating the different systems, that can only happen by conducting research in all basic, practical, and clinical rehabilitation sciences and analyzing the data in a continues manner ,and this is only done in a low number of universities across the Kingdom, King Saud University has a great responsibility –being the biggest University in the Kingdom- and the Rehabilitation Sciences Department is the oldest department of its kind in the Kingdom and because of that it should play a leading role in designing research plans and implementing it on the highest levels of standards and it is one of the goals in which the university is aiming to achieve.